Intelligent use of batteries in hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) is the main factor for high-fuel economy. For a cruising HEV. the state-of-charge Pulse and Glide (SOC-PnG) is known to be the optimal charging-discharging pattern. The optimal charging-discharging profiles of the SOC-PnG strategy can be obtained using the optimization algorithms. https://jalyttlers.shop/product-category/glass-pumpkin/